The results are similarly high for Pacific Islanders and Latinos in the survey. Fully 64 percent of Asian American survey respondents have been asked “where are you from, assuming you’re not from the U.S.,” and also are highly likely to have people act “as if you don’t speak English” (45%) and suggest that they “whiten” or “Americanize” their names (20%). We asked directly about whether respondents had been questioned about their belonging in the the U.S. The disproportionate institutional racism faced by Black people in this country is also reflected in the survey data. In that tragic case, the bystander included Tou Thao, an Asian American police officer who was later fired. Systemic violence by police and those in authority remains a constant threat for Black people in the U.S., as the current trial of former police officer Derek Chauvin charged with killing George Floyd reminds us. This is reflected in horrific street crimes, including where bystanders look on. The myth of the “perpetual foreigner” remains strongly associated with Asian Americans. Our survey data lend support to the notion that the drivers of racial exclusion operate differently for different communities. By contrast, anti-Black prejudice is built on extremely pernicious stereotypes about violence and criminality, used to justify centuries of violent subjugation of Black lives from slavery, to Jim Crow, to modern-day segregation and incarceration. Latinos have also faced similar acts of othering and exclusion, with the presumption that they are undocumented immigrants even though a majority are born in the United States. Asian American exclusion from American life is often built on the perception that they are “perpetual foreigners,” representing Asian countries no matter how many generations they have lived in the United States. The factors driving these incidents and wider range of experiences with racial discrimination captured by the survey, however, are likely distinct. The survey results show similar rates of reported experience with hate incidents among different communities of color in 2021.
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New survey data from a joint project of Survey Monkey and AAPI Data situates an uptick in discrimination reported by Asian Americans within the broader landscape of racism in the United States. The tragedy brought new attention to anti-Asian bias in the United States. The Asian American community has seen an outpouring of concern and support since March 16, 2021, when a White gunman opened fire on three local businesses in Atlanta, killing eight people, including 6 Asian American women. BY JANELLE WONG AND KARTHICK RAMAKRISHNAN
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